Posts tonen met het label klassieke muziek. Alle posts tonen
Posts tonen met het label klassieke muziek. Alle posts tonen

maandag 28 februari 2022

ruski 3







In het Rusland van voor de revolutie...

klonk overal klokgelui !

Niet het donkerbruine, plechtstatige gebeier zoals van de Utrechtse Domklokken, maar meer het bonte carillon-achtige geluid van klokken en klokjes die met een netwerk van touwtjes door één enkele speler werden bespeeld. 

Ook de jonge Sergej Rachmaninov hoorde overal klokken. In zijn Kolokola roept hij lang vervlogen tijden op uit het oude Rusland: ‘Klokken begeleidden iedere Rus, van zijn kindertijd tot het graf, en geen componist kon aan hun invloed ontsnappen, ook ik niet.’ 

In Kolokola komen ze in alle soorten en maten voorbij, van het geklingel van zilveren arrensleeklokjes en feestklokken rond het huwelijk, tot de onverbiddelijke doodsklok.


ruski 2

The All Night Vigil...



is an a cappella choral composition by Sergei Rachmaninoff premiered on 23 March 1915, in Moscow.

The piece consists of settings of texts taken from the Russian Orthodox All Night Vigil ceremony

It has been praised as Rachmaninoff's finest achievement... 

and the greatest musical achievement of the Russian Orthodox Church. 




It was one of Rachmaninoff's two favorite compositions, along with The Bells... 

and the composer requested that its 5th movement (Нынѣ отпущаеши, Nunc Dimittis) be sung at his funeral.

The title of the work is often mis-translated as Vespers. 

This is both literally and conceptually incorrect as applied to the entire work. 

Only the first 6 of its 15 movements set texts from the Russian Orthodox canonical hour of Vespers...


[wiki]

ruski 1






Богородице Дево
радуйся Благодатная Марие
Господь с Тобою

Благословенна Ты в женахи
благословен плод чрева Твоего,
Яко Спаса родила еси душ наших.
 
Аминь


Bogoroditse Dyevo
Holy Virgin, Mother of God
Raduisya Blagodatnaya Mariye 
Hail, Mary, full of Grace
Gospod's Toboyu 
The Lord is with Thee

Blagoslovenna Ty v zhenakhi 
Blessed art Thou among women
Blagosloven plod chreva Tvoyego
and blessed is the fruit of Thy womb
Yako Spasa rodila yesi dush nashikh
for Thou hast borne the Savior of our souls.

Amin



woensdag 13 oktober 2021

bruckner 1

Er ist der große Solitär in der Musikgeschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts: 

Anton Bruckners Sinfonien sind so ganz anders, sind ebenso eigenwillig [eigenzinnig] wie überwältigend. Sie wirken wie herabgestürzt auf die Erde, scheinen keine Vorbilder zu haben und keine Nachfolger – trotz der Verehrung durch Gustav Mahler.

Am Anfang eigentlich jeder der neun Sinfonien Anton Bruckners – es gibt auch noch eine Nullte und eine sogenannte Doppel-Nullte, die der Komponist aber nicht als vollgültig anerkannt hat – steht der berühmte Ur-Nebel [oernevel]

Eher diffuse Streicher-Klänge formen sich erst nach und nach zu Musik, mitunter setzt dann über diesem Nebel gleichsam schwebend das erste Thema ein, dass dann wie im Falle der siebten Sinfonie majestätische Ausmaße annehmen kann. 

Jedenfalls viel umfangreicher ist als zum Beispiel die berühmten vier Schläge in Beethovens Fünfter. Oder auch das geradezu asketisch sparsame Thema in der vierten Sinfonie von Johannes Brahms, in dem die Zeitgenossen den großen Rivalen und Antipoden Bruckners sahen.



Es gibt ein berühmtes Vorbild für diese Art Anfang: 

Der Beginn des Vorspiels zu Richard Wagners „Rheingold“, dem Vorabend zur Trilogie „Der Ring des Nibelungen“. 

Anton Bruckner war ein glühender Anhänger des Bayreuther Meisters, baute immer wieder Zitate Wagners ein, die Nachricht von dessen Tod animierte ihn zu einem ergreifenden Trauermarsch in der bereits erwähnten Siebten. Gerade diese Nähe zu Wagner wurde Bruckner aber von einem Teil der musikalischen Öffentlichkeit, angeführt vom berüchtigten Wiener Musikkritiker Eduard Hanslick, verübelt.

In Wagners „Rheingold“-Vorspiel setzt dann irgendwann ein Es-Dur-Akkord ein, der immer und immer wieder wiederholt wird. Es ist dies einerseits der majestätisch dahinströmende Rhein, der hier musikalisch bebildert wird, es ist aber noch viel mehr: 

Die aufeinander geschichteten Akkorde sind eine Art Schöpfungsakt. Wir sind mit den Ohren Zeugen einer Weltentstehung. Eine neue, eine eigene Welt. Wagner errichtet den Nibelungen-Mythos, und ganz nebenbei auch den eigenen, den Mythos Wagner.



Dergleichen wäre Anton Bruckner nie in den Sinn gekommen. 

Aber auch bei ihm gibt es eine Art Schöpfungsplan. 

Seine Sinfonien sind – hier zeigt sich der brillante Organist Bruckner – auch als Klang-Kathedralen bezeichnet worden, ihr Schöpfer als Musikant Gottes, der auch großartige Kirchenmusik geschrieben hat. 

Und in der Tat folgen sie einem immer wieder angewandten Plan – von der ersten bis zur unvollendet gebliebenen neunten Sinfonie –, der auch als klingendes Glaubensbekenntnis verstanden werden kann. 

Sie sind Gotteslob im wahrsten Sinne des Wortes und doch zugleich auch absolute Musik. Sie überwältigen nämlich auch jene Zuhörer, die vielleicht gar nicht an Gott glauben. 

Am großartigsten wird dieser Plan vielleicht in der nicht so häufig gespielten Fünften umgesetzt, in der Bruckner auch bewusst zurückgreift auf Kompositionstechniken aus dem Barock, indem er nachweist, dass er auch Fugen komponieren kann. Das Finale fasst dann das gesamte Material der Sinfonie zusammen und führt das Werk zu einem Höhepunkt – zu einer Apotheose.



Bruckner stammte aus ärmsten Verhältnissen. 

Wurde 1824 als erstes von zwölf Kindern geboren. 

Musikalisch ausgebildet unter anderem im Stift St. Florian bei Linz. Er arbeitete als Dorfschullehrer, wurde später Organist in Linz und ging dann nach Wien, wo er am Konservatorium Komposition unterrichtete. 

Seine letzte Sinfonie widmete er dem lieben Gott. 

Als er am 11. Oktober 1896 starb, existierten nur die ersten drei Sätze und Skizzen zum Finale.



Auf seinen Durchbruch musste Anton Bruckner lange warten. 

Was sehr viel mit dem bereits erwähnten Eduard Hanslick zu tun hatte, der als eine Art Marcel Reich-Ranicki der Musikkritik wahrhaft vernichtende Urteile fällen konnte. 

Hanslick ist jener bisweilen geniale, bisweilen bitterböse Rezensent, der beispielsweise zu Tschaikowskys Violinkonzert meinte, das Werk bringe „uns auf die schauerliche [afschuwelijke] Idee, ob es nicht auch Musikstücke geben könnte, die man stinken hört“. 

Und nach der Uraufführung von Mahlers erster Sinfonie – immerhin eines der heute am häufigsten in Konzerten gespielten Werke – stellte Hanslick lakonisch fest: „Einer von uns beiden muß verrückt sein – ich bin es nicht!“ 

Über Bruckners Achte urteilte er: „Es ist nicht unmöglich, dass diesem traumverwirrten Katzenjammerstil die Zukunft gehört, – eine Zukunft, die wir nicht darum beneiden.“




Die Musikgeschichte jedoch hat gezeigt... 

wie unrecht Hanslick hatte. 

Die groß besetzten und in ihrer zeitlichen Ausdehnung über alles, was vor ihnen war, hinausgehenden Sinfonien Bruckners sind heute Standard-Repertoire. 

Auch dieser Plan Bruckners ging schließlich auf.


[bron]

dinsdag 12 oktober 2021

belijder 6



(Van David, 
PSALM 37)

30-31
De mond van de vrome zint op wijsheid,
en zijn tong spreekt recht:

de wet van zijn God
is in zijn hart.

Alleluja, alleluja.


1-2
Wees nooit op boosdoeners afgunstig, 
benijd niet wie onrecht begaan.

Straks zijn zij verdord als het gras, 
verwelkt als het groen van de velden. 


-


Eer aan de Vader en de Zoon en de heilige Geest.
Zoals het was in het begin, en nu en altijd, 
en in de eeuwen der eeuwen, Amen.


-


O God, die ons door de jaarlijkse plechtigheid 
van de H. Edward de Belijder, Uw Belijder, verblijdt: 
geef goedgunstig dat wij, die zijn geboortefeest vieren, 
ook zijn daden navolgen.

O God, die de H. koning Edward, Uw Belijder,
met de eeuwige glorie gekroond hebt:
laat ons, smeken we, hem zo vereren op aarde,
dat we met hem mogen heersen in de hemel.

Door Uw Zoon en onze Heer...

O God, gesterkt door hemelse spijs en drank, 
smeken wij U ootmoedig: 
dat we mogen beschermd worden
door de gebeden van hem bij wiens herdenken
wij ze genuttigd hebben.

Door Uw zoon...

Amen



zaterdag 2 oktober 2021

verdi 7

Then there is the sheer beauty... 

of some of the religious moments in Verdi’s operas. 

One favourite of mine is the prayer La Vergine degli Angeli from Forza del Destino [De Kracht v/h Noodlot, opera]. Listen to this and then see if you think that Verdi had no religious feeling. The same aria is set to film by Charles Sturridge... 




Regardless of whether the singer is Renata Tebaldi or Leontyne Price... 

the music conveys something that is at the very heart of Catholicism: 

the beauty of compassion, made flesh for us... 

in the Blessed Virgin Mary.


[Cath.Herald] 

verdi 6

It is commonly held... 

that Giuseppe Verdi was not particularly religious... 

and that if anything, he was something of an anti-clerical, like so many Italian nationalists of his time. Certainly Aida – the story of two innocent lovers crushed, indeed quite literally buried alive, by an overweening theocracy – might lend itself to this interpretation. But I, for one, do not subscribe to this reductive theory. Verdi may not have been much of a Catholic outwardly, but he hád a Catholic soul.



La Traviata is an opera – his only one conceived as a contemporary story – about the redemption of a fallen woman: one who forsakes fleshly love, making the supreme sacrifice, that of love itself, so her lover can be happy without her. Violetta proves her great love of Alfred through renunciation: a very Victorian theme – something that one might expect from George Eliot – but a very Catholic theme as well. 

The great love in the opera is in fact that of father for daughter, brother for sister; Germont père asks Violetta to forgo Alfredo for the sake of his daughter, and she does so, asking him to embrace her as a daughter. Love of family is the higher form of love. Traviata is a love opera, and an opera about love – different types of love. It has theological profundity.


[Cath.Herald]

verdi 5

The anti-clerical composer with a deeply Catholic soul

kopte de Catholic Herald op 22 aug. 2011

(een blad dat ik verder niet ken...)

'Last night BBC Four gave us the chance to enjoy Verdi’s Requiem from the Proms, or, to give it its proper title, the Requiem for Alessandro Manzoni, by Giuseppe Verdi. 

This was Verdi’s great tribute to Manzoni, Italy’s greatest composer paying his respects to Italy’s greatest novelist. But Manzoni is not really known in this country, so it is hardly suprising that we never talk of it as the Manzoni Requiem.

I myself have got through I Promessi Sposi ['De Verloofden', hist. roman van Manzoni] in translation and found it an entertaining read, but not much more than that. As for the Requiem – well, it is a mammoth work, ideal for a huge venue like the Royal Albert Hall, but it was never designed for liturgical use, and thus represents the death of religious music: out of the sanctuary and into the concert hall; out of its true setting as prayer, and into something that resembles operatic entertainment.



But... 

in the midst of Verdi’s great symphonic poem... 

are the words. 

He may manipulate the text to suit his musical ends, but the words themselves are the words of the Requiem Mass, in the form in use until 1962. 

Once they would have been familiar to everyone who went to a Catholic funeral. Now, they are only familiar from the sleeve notes of CDs, which is rather a pity. Unless one goes to a Requiem Mass in the Extraordinary Form, one is never likely to hear the Dies Irae, Thomas of Celano’s great poem, in the setting for which it was written. Likewise, one is never likely to hear the words of the Offertory, which perhaps form the most beautiful part of the Verdi Requiem.


Domine Iesu Christe, Rex gloriæ...

Lord Jesus Christ, King of glory,

free the souls of all the faithful departed

from infernal punishment and the deep pit.

Free them from the mouth of the lion,

do not let Tartarus swallow them,

nor let them fall into darkness.

But may the standard-bearer Saint Michael,

lead them into the holy light, which you 

once promised to Abraham and his seed.


O Lord, we offer You

sacrifices and prayers of praise.

Accept them on behalf of those souls

whom we remember today.


Let them, O Lord, 

pass over from death to life,

as you once promised 

to Abraham and his seed.


This represents a perfect little poem... 

and such lovely words evoke lovely music. 

Nowadays, though, are people just going for the music? 

Have they forgotten the meaning of the words? 

Are they even aware that the words set to music are the sacred words of the Mass? 

I fear they must be – for far more people go to concerts than ever go to church. The words of the Mass have become a historical curiosity: they have been secularised.

Mind you, I am not complaining about this: I don’t particularly like the Verdi Requiem, but I acknowledge its magnificence, and in the face of such a work of art one can hardly complain. But one can but notice that art and religion have parted company.


[Cath.Herald]

verdi 1

vanmiddag, op de terugweg van Leuven naar Culemborg,
ergens tussen Houthalen-Helchteren en Pelt, in de auto 
op Klara (Villa d'Este) dit Ave Maria van Verdi gehoord





eveneens door Montserrat Caballé
maar of het exact deze versie was...
weet ik niet

wel even mooi !

uit de opera Otello...
aria van Desdemona...

aan wie lag het, aan Verdi?
aan Montserrat Caballé...

dat het zo diep ging
écht 'n ave maria was...

aan beiden ?

?

ik vind in elk geval niet makkelijk
op YouTube... een gelijkaardige
zo 'innige' en 'serene' 
interpretatie...

!




Ave Maria, piena di grazia, 
eletta fra le spose e le vergini sei tu, 
sia benedetto il frutto, O benedetta, 
di tue materne viscere, Gesù.

Wees gegroet Maria, vol van genade, 
gekozen uit de vrouwen en maagden zijt Gij, 
gezegend is de vrucht, O gezegende, 
van uw moederschoot, Jezus.

Prega per chi adorando a te si prostra, 
prega nel peccator, per l'innocente, 
e pel debole oppresso e pel possente, 
misero anch'esso, tua pietà dimostra.

Bid voor wie biddend voor U neerknielt, 
bid in de zondaar, voor de onschuldigen 
en voor de zwakken die onderdrukt worden 
en voor de machtige, ellendige, 
betoon ook hem Uw medelijden.

Prega per chi sotto l'oltraggio piega la fronte 
e sotto la malvagia sorte; 
per noi, per noi tu prega, 
prega sempre e nell'ora della morte nostra, 
prega per noi, prega per noi, 
prega.

Bid voor degenen die hun voorhoofd buigen 
onder verontwaardiging en onder het slechte lot; 
bid voor ons, voor ons, 
bid altijd en in het uur van onze dood, 
bid voor ons, bid voor ons, 
bid.

Ave Maria
Nell'ora della morte.
Ave

Ave Maria
In het uur van onze dood
Ave

Amen


donderdag 22 april 2021

tsjesnokov 2

Chesnokov was born in Vladimir, near Moscow on 24 October 1877. 

While attending the Moscow Conservatory, he received extensive training in both instrumental and vocal music including nine years of solfege, and seven years training for both the piano and violin. His studies in composition included four years of harmony, counterpoint, and form. 

During his years at the school, he had the opportunity to study with prominent Russian composers like Sergei Taneyev and Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov, who greatly influence his style of liturgy-driven choral composition.

-

At an early age, Chesnokov gained recognition as a great conductor and choirmaster, while leading many groups including the Russian Choral Society Choir. This reputation earned him a position on staff at the Moscow Conservatory where great composers and music scholars like Tchaikovsky had shared their skills and musical insight. 

There he founded a choral conducting program... 

which he taught from 1920 until his death.





By the age of 30...

Chesnokov had completed nearly four hundred sacred choral works. 

But his proliferation of church music came to a standstill at the time of the Russian revolution. Under communist rule, no one was permitted to produce any form of sacred art. So in response, he composed an additional hundred secular works, and conducted secular choirs like the Moscow Academy Choir and the Bolshoi Theatre Choir. 

In the Soviet era religion was often under oppression. The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, whose last choirmaster had been Chesnokov, was destroyed, which disturbed him so deeply that he stopped writing music altogether.

He died on 14 March 1944 of a heart attack caused by malnutrition... 

while he was waiting in a Moscow bread line.


[wikipedia]

woensdag 21 april 2021

tsjesnokov 1

Pavel Chesnokov [1877-1944]...


was an Imperial Russian and Soviet composer, choral conductor and teacher. 

He composed over five hundred choral works, over four hundred of which are sacred. 

Today, he is most known for his piece 'Salvation is Created' as well as works such as 'Do Not Reject Me in Old Age', and movements from various settings of the Divine Liturgy of St John Chrysostom.




Tyebye poyem, Tyebye blagoslovim
Tyebye blagodarim, Gospodi
i molim Tisya, Bozhe nash

we sing to Thee, we worship Thee
we give thanks to Thee, our Lord
and we pray to Thee, our God



dinsdag 20 april 2021

tsjaikovski 3

Tchaikovsky's setting of the Divine Liturgy... 

along with his All-Night Vigil, and his Nine Sacred Songs... 

were of seminal [baanbrekend, met kiemkracht] importance in the later interest in Orthodox music. 




Other composers soon followed Tchaikovsky's example. The structure that Tchaikovsky used, as well as his use of free settings for the components of the liturgy, were emulated by a whole generation of Russian composers in their own settings of the liturgy, including 

- Arkhangelsky

- Chesnokov

- Gretchaninov

- Ippolitov-Ivanov

- and Rachmaninoff.


[wikipedia] 

tsjaikovski 2




Critical opinion was divided. 

In his review of the work, César Cui [componist en muziekcriticus] acknowledged the importance of the work and its 'almost political significance', but was less complimentary about the work itself.

Ambrose, the vicar of Moscow, was particularly opposed to the work. He published a letter in the Rouss, in which he asserted that the public performance of the liturgy was a profanation... 'We cannot begin to say how the combination of the words 'Liturgy' and 'Tchaikovsky' offend the ear of the Orthodox Christian'... He asked what would happen if a Jewish composer should create a setting of the liturgy: 'Our most sacred words would be mocked at and hissed'. 

Ambrose also refused the performance of Tchaikovsky's Liturgy at his friend Nikolai Rubinstein's funeral. Tchaikovsky's brother Modest wrote that his brother was 'deeply hurt' by the vicar's opinion of the work.


[wikipedia]

tsjaikovski 1

In an 1877 letter... 

to his friend and patroness Nadezhda von Meck, Tchaikovsky wrote:

'For me, the Church still possesses much poetical charm. I very often attend the services. I consider the liturgy of St. John Chrysostom one of the greatest productions of art. 

If we follow the service very carefully, and enter into the meaning of every ceremony, it is impossible not to be profoundly moved by the liturgy of our own Orthodox Church, to be startled from one's trance by a burst from the choir, to be carried away by the poetry of this music, to be thrilled when... the words ring out, 'Praise the name of the Lord!' 

All this is infinitely precious to me! 

One of my deepest joys!'



An April 1878 letter to von Meck... 

signified his interest in producing a composition based on the liturgy.

'A vast and untrodden field of activity lies open to composers here. I appreciate certain merits in Bortniansky, Berezovsky and others, but how little their music is in keeping with the whole spirit of Orthodox liturgy! It is not improbable that I shall decide to set the entire liturgy of St. John Chrysostom. I shall arrange all this by July.'



The first performance took place in the St Vladimir Royal University of Kyiv Church [in Ukraine] in June 1879. The Moscow Musical Society gave a private concert at the Moscow Conservatory in November 1880. In a letter to Nadezhda von Meck, Tchaikovsky wrote that it was...

'altogether one of the happiest moments of my musical career'.


[wikipedia]

dinsdag 16 juli 2019

vak shuddhi -2-

Your system can be tuned to regenerate itself...

with the right kind of food, posture, breathing, attitude, thoughts and emotions.

And, uttering the right kind of words, and hearing the right kind of sounds are álso important to cultivate a nervous system that is sensitive to life around you.


Have you noticed that when you hear jarring sounds for a few hours, like automobiles or machines, you can’t perceive much even about the simple things around you... Another day, you were just sitting at home, listening to some classical music. That day your neurological system was bright and alert, and could perceive things much more easily.

If you consciously take care of these things to whatever extent possible, or at least if you are conscious about which noise is damaging your system and which is nurturing your system, you will purify the sounds that you utter.

Maybe you cannot stop the guy who is screaming next to you, but at least you can purify the sound that yóu utter, because the maximum impact on you is the sounds that you utter.


~sadhguru~

vak shuddhi -1-

If the process of knowing and perceiving subtler dimensions of life has to happen, one needs to prepare the body, mind, chemistry, neurological system and energy system.

One should have a vibrant physical body, the neurological system should be alive and vibrant, the pranic system should be fully active and balanced, and the mind should be like a stepping stone, not a big barrier.

How many lifetimes will it take to prepare?

It depends how messed up you are. The nervous system could be seriously impaired, because of the way one lives and the kind of chemistry that you are developing within yourself.

But even if you are terribly messed up, if you have constantly generated the wrong chemistry and it has eaten into your nervous system, or you also took some outside help and put chemicals into the system and badly damaged it, even then...

if you are willing to give it an absolute attempt, within this lifetime it is possible almost for everyone, except those who have been pathologically damaged. They may need more time.

For others, it is only a question of priority. Is your investment 21 minutes a day, or 21 hours a day, or somewhere in between? Depending on that, it is very much possible.

Only because it is a possibility, it is worth talking about and making an effort. If there was no possibility, there is no point in all this.



~sadhguru~